Platos Views on the Technology of Writing Essay example

Platos Views on the Technology of Writing In the book Phaedrus Plato offers a lot of criticism for a writing technology that not many of us would ever think as writing technology, let alone criticize it. This writing technology is none other than writing itself. When people think of writing technology they mostly think of the printing press, the computer, the typewriter and such. Yet no one stops to think of writing. Writing has had such a major impact on society that who would ever think that the one of the greatest minds of all time opposed it. Plato was not just a crazy old man afraid of change; his criticism can still be applied today. For many people, writing has always been around. It’s hard to†¦show more content†¦For example, in school when students take notes in class they don’t bother to memorize the information right away as they are listening to it. Students rely on the fact that they took notes and can refer to the notes later on. Consider a student getting ready to do their homework. The first thing that student will probably do is look at his/her assignment book where she wrote down what the assignments are for each class and when they are due. Planners are widely used by students to remember all the assignments for each of their classes and due dates. Many people also use planners for their jobs and daily activities. Some of these people could not function without a planner. Not many people think of planners or notes as promoters of forgetfulness, but they are. Just think of how many people could not remember a spouse’s birthday or an anniversary if the y didn’t have it written down somewhere. Think of how many late assignments student would turn in because they relied solely on memory. Forgetfulness was not the only thing Plato was worried about when it came to writing. He was also concerned about how permanent writing was. When you look at the difference between writing and speech a major difference is how variable speech can be. Plato saw this as a benefit not a detriment. When someone gives a speech there are many people present who serve as witnesses. These people can argue with the orator or point out mistakes.Show MoreRelated The Power Of Writing Essay995 Words   |  4 PagesThe Power Of Writing When I entered this class I didn’t think that we would be discussing the concept of writing. In fact, I never thought the concept of writing was that complicated enough to be discussed in a classroom setting. However, as demonstrated throughout history different forms of communication, such as writing, have shaped and evolved human interaction and invoked societal change. For example, in Walter Ong’s essay, â€Å"Writing is a Technology that Restructures Thought,† Ong acknowledgesRead MorePlato And His Influences On Plato s Philosophy1370 Words   |  6 Pagestheir own impact on Platonic ideas or theory. Heraclitus influenced Plato’s conception of the sensible world. Parmenides and Zeno played a strong role in Plato’s Forms Theory. He used the forms to satisfy the requirements of the metaphysical unity and stability. Also, he mixed Pythagorean ideas regarding the intelligible and the politics from Socrates. Pythagoreans is offend known to have i nfluenced the mathematical aspect of Plato’s ideas. Although, he had a lot of influences, no one top Socrates influenceRead More Literary Utopian Societies Essays1747 Words   |  7 Pagesmet, society must analyze utopias in order to improve their existing environment. Plato’s Republic was the first â€Å"true† work considered to be utopian literature. In fact, the Republic influenced almost all later text written on the subject of utopia (Manuel 7). Although the Republic was one of the most influential works in utopian literature, the society that it represented also had many obvious flaws. First, Plato’s utopia had a distinct class system (Morely iii, Bloom xiii). The privileged classRead MoreBiography of Socrates, An Annotated Bibliography1581 Words   |  6 PagesPlato. The use of language and vocabulary is a little difficult for the normal audience to understand. However, the information in the journal is very appealing and informative. Nichols, Mary P. â€Å"Philosophy and Empire: On Socrates and Alcibiades in Plato’s â€Å"Symposium†.† Polity.39 .4 (2007): 502-521. Print. Mary P. Nichols, the chair of the Department of Political Science at Baylor University and author of Socrates and the Political Community (1987); Citizens and Statesmen: A Commentary on Aristotle’sRead MoreThe Contemporary Views On Metaphysics1269 Words   |  6 Pagescenturies views on metaphysics have been laid as foundations, altered for society or simply changed for the better. As this world continues to grow and modernize, so have our views. The contemporary views on metaphysics are extended upon the more traditional views laid in the ancient or medieval times. Martin Heidegger is a contemporary existentialist, who studied the reason of being. He was an important figure of philosophy in the 20th century. His views are very different from the ancient views of metaphysicsRead MoreDavid and Goiath: The Tale of Poetry738 Words   |  3 PagesPoetry The utility of poetry has been debated for thousands of years; around 2,500 years ago Plato called for it to be banned for its lack of utility. Plato’s views on poetry were not wrong; looking at it from a purely practical point of view, poetry is not a necessity. It is incomparable to what society considers essential – medicine, technology, leadership. If there were an apocalypse in the future, and we could select only a few people to survive it, the poet would not stand a chance. And yetRead MoreFahrenheit 451 And The Allegory Of The Cave By Ray Bradbury952 Words   |  4 Pageswife, asks him, â€Å"How long you figure before we save up and get the fourth wall torn out and a fourth wall-TV put in?† (Bradbury 18). Kristin King-Ries goes into depth about censorship with some history about Bradbury, and his state of mind while writing Fahrenheit 451. King-Ries explains how Bradbury witnessed censorship â€Å"†¦in places such as the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin and Germany under Adolf Hitler and his National Socialist German Workers’ (Nazi) Party† (340).During these times there wereRead MoreThe And Theory Of The Tripartite Soul1765 Words   |  8 Pagesinfluential philosopher of all time, how does one stop and gather every thought into one paper. The historical significance of Plato has impacted generations for more than two thousand years. In fact, his writings, which consisted of mostly dialogues, has probably had more influence than any set of writings in the Western World apart from the Judeo-Christian Bible. As I dug into the life of Plato, which can be an endless search with overwhelming amount of information, his lasting ideas can be summed upRead MoreThucydides vs. Plato1598 Words   |  7 Pagesclaims, whereas Plato is making normative claims. Is that true? Support your answer in your paper. Plato and Thucydides together had strikingly dissimilar views on their tactic on the good life. Many have demanded that Plato is making normative rights, whereas Thucydides has made empirical claims. Lets first take a look at Plato. Platos philosophy on the decent life was based on the confidence that all has an objective or use that is classically suited for asset, beauty, fairness, and excellenceRead MoreA Biblical View of Science, Technology, and Business: Do Utilitarian’s Agree with These Biblical Views?1835 Words   |  8 PagesA Biblical View of Science, Technology, and Business: Do Utilitarian’s Agree with These Biblical Views? Utilitarianism was originated by Epicurus in ancient Greece and is the doctrine that an action is right as long as it promotes happiness, usefulness, and overall pleasurableness. If the action inflicts pain than it is not seen as right. Many of these ideas adapted well with the all of the modernization and changes that were occurring in the technology, science, and business world during the

Overpopulation Is The Scarcity Of Food Supplies - 1408 Words

Overpopulation is defined as the condition when the number of people surpasses the maximum capacity that Earth can hold (ConserveEnergyFuture, 2013). When overpopulation occurs, the number of resources on Earth cannot support the total population, thus resulting in various problems that conflict with the world’s peace and harmony. One major problem that is caused by overpopulation is the scarcity of food supplies. There is not enough food being produced to feed the mouths of the endlessly increasing population. Therefore, many people all over the world starve and are malnourished, which is why many armed and international conflicts have occurred in the past years fighting over natural resources. However, with international cooperation and uses of scientific applications, many possible and sustainable solutions have arisen. One solution that has arisen to act against the food shortage in the world is to target and focus on the agricultural sector. One proposed root o f the cause of food shortage in the world is the lacking amount of produce from agriculture. In the past years, the use of biotechnology to increase agricultural product has been introduced multiple times. (The Editors, 2008) However, many activists have opposed the idea due to fears about the possible dangers with biotechnology and genetically modified organisms (GMOs). One example is food allergies. If a person is allergic to nuts and consumes a GMO without knowing it contains nut genes, thenShow MoreRelatedOverpopulation Pressures Our Natural Resources and Environment743 Words   |  3 Pagesall associated with massive population growth. Thus, overpopulation is major contributor to environmental deterioration (Ehrlich and Ehrlich 2012). Further implication to overpopulation harm humans themselves, each individual added to population will consume food, water, and energy. The pressure from population will require more energy to secure their needs (Ehrlich and Ehrlich 2012). This will result in inequity between people through the scarcity of resources that lead to hunger and poverty. TheRead MoreOverpopulation And Its Effects On The Environment1428 Words   |  6 PagesOverpopulation is often Times argued as one of the most severe, if not the most severe, environmental problem. This past year world population exceeded 7.3 billion and continues to grow at an alarming rate. By the year 2050 it is projected that world population will exceed over nine billion. Overpopulation puts a serious strain on the world and its resources and is a root cause of many environmental issues. Issues such as, climate change, diminishing biodiversity, and pollution, are all just someRead MoreEnvironmental Problems Caused By Deforestation1055 Words   |  5 Pagesoverusing the natural resources that the Earth provides to them. The planet is going through a lot of environmental problems. These problems affect all the living beings on Earth. Some of the examples are global warming, pollution of air, water, land, overpopulation, climate change, deforestation, etc. Our planet is facing severe environmental crises with all these examples. The Earth is getting worse everyday because the harm that humans are doing everyday such as deforestation, industrialization, exploitationRead MoreWater Is The Most Precious Resource This Planet Has To1292 Words   |  6 Pagesinefficiently and irresponsibly, one that takes more 42% humanity’s accessible fresh water and wastes it. Unless we take the proper initiative, our world’s water supplies will slowly deplete, leaving earth in an eternal drought, which could potentially cause an end to the human race. Agriculture is an industry that will cause water scarcity to erupt throughout the world if not changed from its irresponsible methods. As the world’s largest industry, agriculture uses 70% of our accessible remaining freshwaterRead MoreBenefits Of Water Conservation Policies1390 Words   |  6 PagesMs. Hurts Period 6 9/23/16 Mrs. Hurts What is harming life â€Å"water† ? The major resource in the world â€Å"Water† for most people meaning life which created all living things that exist; has come to a point of scarcity. Imagine living in world where the most needed resource â€Å"water† was unavailable. For some, around the world people have been experiencing it. Countries like China and India have been suffering of bad and poor quality water. But it did not happen until the last years that peopleRead MoreThe Effects Of The Malthusian Catastrophe Throughout The Past Few Centuries1498 Words   |  6 Pagesagainst this notion with a pessimist view of population growth. The reproduction of humans and the depletion of food were evident and are still evident today. The world is becoming more populous and with it more prosperous; humans as a whole are consuming more food, water, and natural resources than ever. In Malthus’ time the same dilemma was seen as timber supplies diminished supplies transferred to a profuse amount of coal. However, some of the natural resources do not have substitutes (LahartRead MoreOverpopulation : A Common Misconception1396 Words   |  6 Pagesforce, which is currently plaguing the planet. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the fact that, overpopulation is not the primary cause of our modern day predicaments, but is merely a tributary to the actual source. Environmental, economic, agricultural and political factors are some of the main incipient issues, which have thus been ignored, and have resulted in the myth called overpopulation. The negative repercussions of these aspects will be examined, along with a comprehensive study intoRead MoreWater Scarcity655 Words   |  3 PagesEssay’s topic: Water scarcity is one of the key environmental issue of our time. Identify some major causes of water scarcity and describe two solutions. Water plays an important role in developing and maintaining healthy ecosystems. However, water scarcity is an increasing and widespread phenomenon in many countries in the world. Water scarcity refers to either the lack of enough water or lack of access to safe water. The shortage of water is turning out to be more pressing than prediction. ThisRead MoreThe Problem Of A World Problem1281 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelopment. Hite and Seitz attributed the population booms to three major factors that influenced development and population. Beginning with the agriculture boom, people began to grow their populations because they could sustain more people with the more food they were growing. Then came the industrial revolution, which increased the quality of life for people, causing them to once again increase populations. Still, populations were multiplying steadily because death rates were still high. Now, we are seeingRead MoreOverpopulation Is a Growing Problem Essay1424 Words   |  6 PagesOverpopulation is a growing problem all over the world. This is a very important environmental issue and needs to be dealt with. This environmental problem is affecting many countries in the world, but mostly the poor and impoverished countries that don’t have the resources to help deal with these issues. It also affects the environment like plants animal life and air quality. When the population of people expands we need more natural resources from the environment, so we consume more then we can

Macbeth Supernatural Forces Essay Example For Students

Macbeth Supernatural Forces Essay In the play â€Å"Macbeth,† there were many interesting sectionswhich could be concentrated on due to the suspense and the involvement of the supernatural. The use of the supernatural in the witches, the visions, the ghost, and the apparitions is a key element in making the concept of the play work and in making the play interesting. Looking through each Act and Scene of the play, it is noticed that the supernatural is definitely a major factor on the play’s style. The use of the supernatural occurs at the beginning of the play,with three witches predicting the fate of Macbeth. This gives the audience a clue to what the future holds for Macbeth. â€Å"When the battles lost and won† (Act I, Scene I, l.4) was said by the second witch. It says that every battle is lost by one side and won by another. Macbeth’s fate is that he will win the battle, but will lose his time of victory for the battle of his soul. After the prophecies of the witches’ revealed the fate of Macbeth, the plan in which to gain power of the throne is brought up. The only way to gain power of the throne was for Macbeth to work his way to the throne, or to murder King Duncan. Murdering the king wasan easier plan since the motivation in his dreams urged him on. Lady Macbeth also relied on the supernatural by her soliloquy of calling upon the evil spirits to give her the power to plot the murder ofDuncan without any remorse or conscience (Act I, Scene V, ll.42-57). The three sisters are capable of leading people into danger resulting in death, such as the sailor who never slept (Act I, Scene III, ll.1-37). Lady Macbeth has convinced her husband Macbeth to murder King Duncan. On the night they planned to kill Duncan, Macbeth is waiting for Lady Macbeth to ring the signal bell to go up the stairs to Duncan’s chamber. He sees the vision of the floating dagger. The interest of the dagger is that it leads Macbeth towards the chamber by the presence of evil of the dagger being covered with blood. Then the bell rings and Macbeth stealthily proceeds up the staircase to Duncan’s chamber. Once the murder has been committed, eventually Banquo has his suspicions about Macbeth killing Duncan to have power of the throne. There is constantly more guilt and fear inside Macbeth and his wife that they decide to have Banquo killed. Macbeth and his wife attend a banquet in which a ghost appears. Once the murderer notified Macbeth that the deed was done, he observed the ghost of Banquo sitting in his regular seat. This caused Macbeth to act in a wild manner, making people suspicious of his ac tions. (Act III, Scene VI, ll.31-120). The use of the supernatural has increased the suspense now that Macbeth is constantly relying on the prophecies of the three witches. Hecate, the Queen of witches is angry with the three sisters for not involving her in their encounters with Macbeth. The witches plan to lead Macbeth to his downfall by making him feel over-confident. (Act III, Scene V, ll.1-35). Further on in the play, Macbeth finds his way to the witches’ cave and demands to know what lies ahead for him. The three witches predict what he is going to ask and produce the first apparition which is an armed head. â€Å"Macbeth!, Macbeth!, Macbeth!, beware of Macduff; beware thane of Fife. Dismiss me: enough.† (Act VI, Scene I, ll.77-78). The first apparition tells Macbeth to beware of Macduff. Then the second apparition appears (a bloody child), and says: â€Å"Be bloody, bold, and resolute; laugh to scorn the power of man, for none of woman born shall harm Macbeth.† (Act IV, Scene I, ll.85-87). This apparition informs Macbeth that no man born from a woman can harm him. finally, the last apparition appears and is a child crowned, with a tree in his hand. The apparition is saying that he will never be defeated until Great Birnam wood shall come against him to HighDunsinane Hill. â€Å"Be lion melted, proud, and take no care who chafes, who frets, or where conspirers are: Macbeth shall never vanquish’d be until Great Birnam wood to High Dunsinane Hill shall come againsthim.† (Act VI, Scene I, ll.98-102). These apparitions convinced Macbeth that this was his fate and became over confident, and lead him to his death. The use of the supernatural in Macbeth results quite well withthe respect of the unknown. Without the witches, the ghost, the visions, and the apparitions, â€Å"Macbeth† would have been a dull and tiresome play. Even today’s readers need motivation to read, and this ancient superstition of spirits enhanced the play dramatically.

Innovation Of The Workplace

Innovation of the workplace to promote sustainable and productive growth Conflicts arise because people lack immediate clarifications to problems that require solutions. Unlike most of us who are evaders and do not feel comfortable dealing with problems, the organization has problem solving procedures such as rules that make the workplace more user-friendly or conflict-friendly. Conflicts occur every now and then and people ought to consider then as opportunities for improving relationships and systems.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Innovation Of The Workplace specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They provide the information or the chance to come up with solutions such as rules or regulations that overcome any future possibilities of similar circumstances. In line with Hansen, (2009) the biggest mistake people make is to have the predisposition of coming up with solutions over conflicts immediately other than avail ing time for better understanding and thus stronger solutions. The first step to solving conflicts is to understand that today; the customer needs the sole power over choice of service and goods. The rule ought to support sustainable productive economic growth. Considering that, the Sprint Store determines the employees’ progress towards achieving certain goals by analysing the total sales, the income produce per employee or their dues ought to be equivalent to the product of labour productivity, intensity and customer satisfaction. The second rule should control the labour productivity. One of the major catalysts for revenue in a company is group work. Considering that the employees of Sprint Store work as a duo, the company should invest the human capital in the same setting by letting the total sales be equitable to both thus the extra remuneration divides equally among them. The aim of the company is to improve performance and reach the targeted sales. The rules and regul ations ought to enhance the chances for technological development and promote new modes in the workplace operations. Working as group boosts the knowledge intensity of the workers and production of technological developments. The third rule would entail the source of the economical growth. For such a setting as the Sprint Store, the labour intensity should equate to the product of hours worked by every employee and the share of the employment within the group setting. This ensures that the employee is responsible of their individual performance and that of their group. Under this criterion, the management can still easily know the laxity of one member. This means that the management is in a position to know the productivity of a group and that of an individual and determine who does not fit on a certain group setting.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This third recommendation raises the question of one member taking over the other by serving all the customers. A rule or regulation requiring management to perform an analysis of the customers’ response towards services nullifies fears of segregation since no sales man would be in a position of serving all the customers with the aim of denying the counterpart a chance, without messing on delivery. A good sales firm must provide the customers with simple questioners to help in such analysis. Lastly, it is important to value the Quality of the work life by analyzing productivity. In most companies, the relationship between productivity and quality of the working life is a zero rated relationship. The overall sales goals ought to be enhancement of technology for instance upgrading the workplace operations. The shortcoming of the current workforces for instance the conflicts over interests as experienced in the Sprint Store are solvable through ensuring improved operations over the relationship between the labour productivity and quality of the work life. The ultimate recommendation that company should make has to promote the developmental role of the social partners. According to Hansen, (2009) major policy issues are today turning to be heated managerial debates in majority of the companies concerning promotion of innovation. The policies should also encourage individual level decision-making capabilities that relate to development of the workplace. A good sales person has the ability to change personal decision based on the thought of the customer. The choices enable one to not necessary win over everyone or everything but the self-respect that is often over looked by others. (Hansen, 2009) References Hansen, J. (2009, November 15). Sales Tips – 5 Rules of Improve For Sales Success. Retrieved from https://ezinearticles.com/?Sales-Tips—5-Rules-of-Improv-For-Sales-Successid=3270963 This essay on Innovation Of The Workplace was written and submitted by user Jake Z. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

What happened when we left an error in an email to 7,000 people - Emphasis

What happened when we left an error in an email to 7,000 people What happened when we left an error in an email to 7,000 people I love my job, on most days. We help people with a task that millions find very stressful and problematic. So its incredibly rewarding to be able to relieve that pain. For me, its the best job in the world. Most days. Then there are the other (thankfully) much rarer days, when things don’t quite go according to plan. I had one of those days last Tuesday. That was the day we sent out our e-bulletin, complete with a howling typo, to seven thousand subscribers. Now, dear reader, if you’re ever looking for a guaranteed way to show up every mistake in a piece of writing, that method takes some beating. I can’t honestly say its one Id recommend though. We spotted the mistake in the email as soon as we’d sent it (and before we sent it, in fact – see below). You probably did, too. But in case you missed it, here it is again (because we’re nothing if not gluttons for punishment): While your on that page, don’t forget to sign up to Jacob’s free, seven-part grammar and punctuation course. I know: it’s awful. So awful that I could barely bring myself to type those words. (It should, of course, have read you’re.) Other people may be able to get away with a slip of the fingers, but not us. We obviously need to be squeaky clean in these matters, simply because of what we do. Nor was the irony of such a basic mistake in a sentence advertising a grammar course lost on us. Believe me, a typo like that really is the stuff of nightmares for us. The response from our enthusiastic subscriber base was as swift and uncompromising as it was understandable. My email inbox quickly filled up with messages from loyal readers wondering what on earth we were playing at. Initially, I was blissfully unaware of the grammar firestorm that had erupted back at Emphasis HQ. I was on a half-term holiday with my family, and my WiFi connection was relaxed at best. When I did finally get a connection, I almost wished I’d stayed offline a little longer. The first thing that came through was an instant message from one of my team, warning me of the error. I spent the next hour on the phone to them, trying to piece together just how the mistake had slipped through the net. Then I started working my way through sending a personal email of apology and explanation to every person who’d emailed me. (It was the digital equivalent of putting on a hair shirt.) I also promised them free access to our new e-learning course, Writing better email, to thank them for their trouble. (If you were one of those people, Ill be emailing you a link today.) Ill tell you how they reacted in a minute. But first, what exactly did go wrong? Well, as I mentioned, my initial slip of the fingers had been spotted during our proofreading process and duly corrected. But the correction had been made in the HTML code. Then, somehow, it was an older version of the code that our mailing system sent out. Now, our proofreading methods are pretty good (as you would hope). But any process is only as good as its weakest link, which in this case was making the final corrections in the code. Needless to say, we won’t be doing that again. (We’ve since changed mailing systems, so that we don’t have to.) Im sorry, and I hope you can forgive us this one. Please rest assured that, whatever effect it’s had on your view of us, it’s nothing compared with the soul-searching that’s still going on at Emphasis HQ. However, there is what may be a helpful postscript to this story: the reactions I received to my emails of apology. More than two-thirds of the people I personally emailed took the trouble to write back (in most cases immediately) to say that no harm had been done and that, if anything, our reaction to what were already calling Yourgate had enhanced their view of Emphasis. Im not so vain or naà ¯ve to think that leaving in the error was a good thing. But that feedback suggests that, should you ever mess up, you could do worse than adopt a similar approach. As one correspondent put it, ‘These things happen in business. But, as you’ve proved, it’s how you respond to them that counts.’ That was from the MD of a large investment bank, no less, who took time out from his evening to write me that email. (I was – and still am – so grateful for his response and the many others I got over the next few days.) Unfortunately, the only certain way to avoid mistakes in what you write is never to write anything at all. Weve got no intention of doing that and well continue to provide our free advice for as long as we can. Realistically, at some point, another error will eventually slip through the net, no matter how hard we try to stop that happening. For us, its a terrifying prospect. So, the next time you have writer’s block, perhaps you can draw comfort from the fact that you don’t have to put ‘business-writing adviser’ at the end of every email. Because, believe me, that is the best way I know to paralyse even the most fluent of writers. Image credit: Guilhem Vellut

The information systems identity crisis essayEssay Writing Service

The information systems identity crisis essayEssay Writing Service The information systems identity crisis essay The information systems identity crisis essayFor thousands of years already people need to exist in communities, this means, that communication is the key element, connecting them and coordinating their cooperation. Along with technological development in all our life spheres, the development of communication means was also moving quickly forward. Such inventions, as radio, television, telephone played vitally important role for making the process of communication quicker and easier. The greatest breakthrough in the field of communication technologies was brought without any doubts by the creation of Internet and all the means, which can be used with its help. Internet nowadays is one of the perfectly suitable and equipped means for storing and transferring any kind of information, including text, video, photos. The system is initially worked out as demanding the authorized access to any type of data, however, the preserving of privacy and security still remains the key task for our digital world. â€Å"Unauthorized access can be detrimental, resulting in financial loss, the release of confidential information, damages to computer systems, costly staff time to restore operations, diminished reputation, and embarrassing changes to a website by cyber vandalism† (Alter, 2006:12). Computer networks are in use almost in all businesses and organizations, state and private ones. This is the main reason, why high-skilled professionals in the field of computer network security have become an integral part of any organization. Further in this paper we are going to study the notion of information system, the possible ways of attacking it along with various security means, which need to be applied, to guarantee its operability and security.Along with development of Internet and its resources, the notion â€Å"information systems† appeared; it is generally defined as â€Å"the study of complementary networks of hardware and software that people and organizati ons use to collect, filter, process, create, and distribute data† (Agarwal and Lucas, 2005: 2). Internet contributed to development of strong connection between the computer science and business, giving the possibility to use various computer resources and algorithmic processes for optimizing the work of business organizations. Computer information systems â€Å"is a field studying computers and algorithmic processes, including their principles, their software and hardware designs, their applications, and their impact on society, while IS emphasizes functionality over design† (Alter, 2006:16).In this case the information systems serve not only as means of exchanging of the necessary information, but also as a way to support all the processes in all business spheres. Computers and software are constantly involved into working out the business plans, into the actions for realization of these plans, in retrieving the information and manipulating with it and so on.Long befo re the development of computer systems, various systematic approaches were considered and worked out with the aim to control the information flow as well as ensuring its secure flow, transmission and storage. Nowadays, the security of computer systems, information systems is of the highest importance for all businesses. There are a numerous ways of protecting the information, but first we are going to start from the main types of attacks, which could be done with the aim of retrieving the unauthorized access to information. The most general feature of all computer attacks is the usage of technical or human weak points. To human weaknesses usually belong the mistakes, made by inexperienced users, bad physical security for example. Technical weaknesses include not sufficient protection features, drawbacks of implementation and so on.It is necessary to mention from the very beginning, that it is close to impossible to enumerate and list all the possible technical attacks. This happens because there are certain attack patterns, which could be used in multiple combinations and are limited only by the inventiveness of the attackers. Usually, serious attacks involve several techniques at a time. So, we are going to study only the general ones.One of the first examples of attacks is the so-called â€Å"sniffing†, which means the presence of an uninvited listener, who doesn’t detect himself. Sometimes, it is substituted by the term â€Å"eavesdropping†. This attack type is based on the usage of a â€Å"covert channel†, being an additional channel, not foreseen in the initial version of the program, thus violating its security.Reply is another form of attack, which involves inserting of information into the system and passing this information to the final point, as a result sending an attack towards the system. It is often used in order to get the access to some information, via making the receiver refer the attacker to a trusted party.The pr ocess of transition of any data is also rather vulnerable to attacks, often the data can be modified and the necessary password is retrieved. Attack of data in the process of transferring is more sophisticated as attacks against persistent stores, it belongs to the category of â€Å"file manipulation† attacks.Automatic detection of attack is often applied as the means, for securing the systems, at the same time it can be used as the means for intrusion, if only the response of the intrusion detection system is delayed and there is enough time for retrieving the necessary data (Rainer and Cegielski, 2009: 12). This type of attack got the name denial of service.Forced restart of re-installation can be used in case of necessity to introduce some malicious software. When the system requires the re-start because of some mistake, this software is installed during the process. This technique is widely used, because the general rule confirms, that backup resources usually are less s ecure, than the initial resources.â€Å"The term hijacking is usually used to refer to an attack that involves disconnecting a server resource in some manner from a resource channel and replacing it with a different server resource† (Rainer and Cegielski, 2009: 13).We have listed only some most well-known and used techniques for breaking the security of information. From this list, we can already assume, that there are numerous ways to get, to transfer and to delete the needed information, without permission of the official holder of this information. Thus this long list only confirms the idea, that strong information security system, operations, resources are remaining actual for any information storage, including personal data, as well as any business or social storages.Passing to the research of the ways to secure information, we need to define the notion of information security in general. â€Å"Information security is the practice of defending information from unauthori zed access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, perusal, inspection, recording or destruction (Alter, 2006:23). Usually two key components of information security are pointed out: information technology security and information assurance. The first one includes the set of means, worked out by the IT security specialists, in order to protect various types of data for large business organizations, able to stop any kind of malicious attacks. Information assurance is used to save the information from being lost due to some critical situations, for example malfunction of a computer or server, natural disasters and so on. One of the methods here is to create a backup possibility for all important information. Both components are vitally important for normal operation of most military, health care, financial institutions, various types of businesses and finally for sustaining of privacy of all people, using computers.Usual people are used to the advantages brought by Internet, unfor tunately rather often they forget about the necessary steps to ensure their security. At the same time there are enough individuals, who see the advantages of Internet in the frames of some criminal activities. The simplest things, which people should always do, is to control their bank accounts and credit cards, be careful about giving out their personal information, such as telephone, address, personal data to some unknown online resources.Certainly even if all these steps are taken, they can not guarantee complete security for information and data. In order to resist constant illegal attacks a whole system of Internet security was worked out to deal with â€Å"hacking, where unauthorized users gain access to computer systems, email accounts or websites; viruses and other malicious software (malware), which can damage data or make systems vulnerable to other threats; and identity theft, where hackers steal personal details such as credit card numbers and bank account informationà ¢â‚¬  (Agarwal and Lucas, 2005: 2).Most of Internet users are used to the word â€Å"virus†; in fact this notion includes the malware, such as viruses, worms and Trojans. Viruses and worms are able to spread from one computer to the other via downloading of some data or using USB flashcards without previous checks. Trojans are used to steal the needed information such as passwords or financial data. In order to protect the computers from the above-described problems it is necessary to install the corresponding anti-malware  Firewalls also help to control the incoming information, based on special rules, they define the dangerous information, such as malicious codes for example, also they are able to prevent uncovering of the information from networks.All Internet users need to install browser to use the Internet resources, some of them have security flaws, that’s why it is so important to choose the secure one.The most widely used way of transmitting of information today is electronic mail. In order to secure the information, which is sent, it is necessary to use special anti-malware applications. Thorough control of the incoming emails should help not to bring virus or worms to ones personal computer.Most of the businesses, private organizations, as well as state institutions have their own web sites, this is the easiest way to present information and to attract people, clients. Often the owners of websites suffer from DoS attacks – Denial of service. This type of attack makes the usage and access to the web site impossible. Firewalls and special systems, called â€Å"cleans pipes† are able to solve this problem (Agarwal and Lucas, 2005: 3-4).The last, but not the least important way of securing one’s information is controlling the data by the user himself. No anti-malware or firewalls are able to save the system and the stored information, if a user gives out the passwords, not carefully treating his information.  Over all, in this paper were have studies the key notions, related to the modern information systems, including the nowadays ways of storing and transferring of information; we have stopped at some most widely used techniques of breaking the system security and ways of attacking the information storages; finally, we discussed the possible technical ways of securing information, along with influence of human factor.

Module 8 DQ 1 and 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Module 8 DQ 1 and 2 - Assignment Example Particularly, when one knows how to carry out critical appraisal on interval variables, translating the research results and findings into practice becomes possible. For instance, when determining the relationship between temperature and effective treatment, the use of internal variables may come in handy. A physician who is thorough in research studies will for instance know that a temperature of 0.0 on the two sides of the scales must not be misconstrued to mean the absence of temperature, just as a PH of 0.0 will not mean the absence of acidity. The determination of the PH and temperature is very sacrosanct to the provision of healthcare services. The same use of statistical provisions as part of the EBR in medical services provision heavily relies on the concept of statistical significance. By being able to appreciate the importance of significance level, the director of the nursing department will be able to correctly decide whether to discard research findings as false, or to implement them as true. For instance, a statistical significance of .95 will compel the director of the Federal Qualified Healthcare Center, nursing department, to adopt research findings of an inquiry on the relationship between inpatient admission and patient satisfaction. Throughout the course, the connection between the use of research and efficiency in the administration of healthcare services is maintained, and thereby helping the learner appreciate the nexus between EBR and patient-centered medical programs. The term informed consent is a legal jargon applicable in many fields including healthcare. The fundamentals that must be thought out when invoking informed consent from the patient are competency, benefits, risks and details. According to Hahn and Collier (2010), competency demands that the patient should have a mind that is at least able to comprehend the details, benefits and the risks that will accompany a specific form of medical intervention. Likewise,

Computer Crimes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Computer Crimes - Research Paper Example Consumers have their own personal data and they have their own personal communication taking place on the computer through the internet. Computer viruses and hacking programs tend to affect all these innocent victims and they become helpless in all these situations. They lose their confidential data and at times many organizations may lose their back up data and end up in many official and organizational level problems. Credit transaction information can be hacked easily by professional hackers and it causes huge losses to the consumers, companies and as well as government agencies. Government agencies have their own official transactions taking place on the computers and they transfer their information through the internet as well. When these various types of computer crimes are taking place it affects the government and at times may affect the country as well. All these innocent victims tend to get targeted in a serious manner when computer crimes are taking place. There are many computer manufacturing companies that are operating around us. These computer companies while manufacturing the computers are not able to develop programs that may protect the computers from the hackers. The hackers are always up with new types of programs and viruses that tend to affect the computer users and cause a lot of damage to them. The computer manufacturers are not able to have programs that show evidence of tracking down the hackers in a fast mode. It is extremely difficult to trace the hackers from where they have operated the viruses or hacked the computers of all the innocent people and organizations. The computer manufacturers are not able to develop programs that can protect their valuable users from the various computer crimes that are taking place in the society. Any user that is using the computer and the internet are prone to be attacked by hackers and various types of viruses. The antivirus

Retaining Customers Essay Example for Free

Retaining Customers Essay BT is one of the largest communications companies in the world. One of the services they offer is residential or personal communications solutions. Even though they now have competition from other companies offering consumers substitutes for their service, they still hold the largest market share of providing residential customers with telephone lines. For BT to maintain this market share, they must retain the customers they have. I will be recommending how they can retain their customer base as well as winning new customers. I will be looking at several models and theories in order to do this. * Making Customers into Champions * The case of the complaining customer * The tip of the Iceberg Model From BT a customer receives a core service. Telephony. The customer expects the telephone in their home to be working when they pick it up. They are not going to be wowed by the service if it is just working. However, when the customer makes contact with BT to enquire, change or add something they will use this opportunity to form a perception of BTs Customer Service. Most people who move to a different telephone provider do so because they perceive indifference in the people they do business with at their current company. Customer feedback tells BT that one of the biggest drivers of dissatisfaction is the difficulty in registering their complaint with BT. A large part of this dissatisfaction stems from a lack of promised callbacks and an initial difficulty in escalating their issue. This feedback has been substantiated by OFTEL in that the number of customers contacting them to complain that they have not received a promised call back has been increasing. OFTEL have given BT a very clear indication that they expect this situation to be addressed and therefore it is paramount that the following recommendations are implemented immediately. * Own, Decide, Do Training to be rolled out to all Customer Service Advisors. When a complaint is received in the 150 call centres the individual must own the complaint, make a decision about what to do with it and follow any promised action up with a call to the customer to let them know what happened. * Keeping the customer informed With some complaints resolution may not be speedy. There may be some technical difficulties, which hold resolution up. The customer does not know this and will perceive any periods of silence as the indifference of BT to their complaint. Keeping the customer informed of progress or news (good or bad) will enhance the customers perception of BT * EDCSMs (Event Driven Customer Service Measures), the service that BT offer customers must be analysed in order to measure its success. Through BTs sophisticated SMART datatbase, every contact with the customer is logged with the id of the advisor who took the call. This way trends can be spotted as well as training areas The barriers for the customer to successfully register their complaint are as follows: * The BT shunt BT is a huge business with over 20 large call centres taking in the freephone 150 (customer service) calls. It is very easy for complaints to get lost in the system. * The call steering system. There are many different numbers to press for different departments. It is difficult to speak to a human * The Call Handling Time that advisors are encouraged to adhere to. This measure the amount of time they are talkng with each customer in order to keep the Percentage of calls answered as high as possible. * Poor training and coaching target based coaching instead of skills based coaching In the longer term there are some other changes that should be implemented by BT over a period of time in order to instil enhanced behaviours in all employees. Traditionally employees of a company see a complaining customer as being a nuisance. BA challenged this when they introduced the Making Customers into Champions Model. This model can be directly applied to BT, who is, itself, striving to provide World Class Customer Service. This model labels different sectors of the customer base and how likely they are to contact BT with any dissatisfaction they may have and how easy it is to register this dissatisfaction. If the customer has a complaint and they cannot register this in any way, they may feel tempted to try a different provider. If the complaint is not registered then BT has not had a chance to resolve the complaint. If BT has a chance of resolving the issue, if it is resolved skilfully and well, research suggests that this could actually enhance the customers perception of BT. So, in short, a customer complaint can turn in to a glowing report for BT. Furthermore, if we make BTs customers in to champions, BT can learn from the mistakes they have made that might have caused complaints in order that they do not occur again. * A dissatisfied customer will tell between 10 and 20 other people about their problem * A customer who has had a problem resolved will tell 5 people about their situation The case of the complaining customer is a valuable study that BT should already have taken heed of. The problems experienced by Mr Shelton almost mirror the experiences some BT customers have when things go wrong and customer relations are tested to the full. It may be tempting for some employees working for such a huge cash cow as BT to believe that BT can afford to lose difficult customers. This study shows that whilst few customers actually take the time and energy that Mr Shelton did to complain, there are actually many other dissatisfied customers (Mr Shelton is just the tip of the Iceberg). These customers are the missing in action group and will just quietly take their custom elsewhere and thus impact significantly on BTs profit margins. The article points out that whilst it would be easy for us to read Mr Sheltons contacts with the company as neurotic, in actual fact Mr Shelton has responded very emotionally to the way he feels his complaint has been dealt with. Customers should be allowed to vent their feelings, feel listened to and valued before their problem is resolved. They are experiencing feelings of powerlessness and this will be compounded if they feel that an advisor is not listening to them. Paraphrasing can be a useful tool here, to show empathy and check for understanding. TARP published a graphic representing the Tip of the Iceberg Principle. It indicates that consumer complaints to a third party are only a small portion of those that exist. Theyre just the visible portion and reflect the much broader picture. This demonstrates how important it is for BT to be proactive in gaining feedback from customers at every possible opportunity. It was not the tip of the iceberg that sunk the Titanic, and it will not affect the business greatly if just those visible customers were dissatisfied with BTs service. Those that leave quietly will have the greatest impact and BT will have little or no information as to why they left. BT must strive to deal with any customer requests the first time every time. Here is a list of my recommendations for BT for implementing across the board over the next 12 months in order to retain customers. * A review of the training process all training should be underpinned with updated balance scorecard and appropriate coaching given by line managers * Quality must come before quantity. If all customers were dealt with the first time they called, there would be less calls * Approach customer complaints as a chance to dazzle and delight customers and enhance a customers perception of BT through a training programme * Work together with different departments and not as adversaries. Promote teamwork * Introduce an incentive scheme for teams and individuals who achieve excellent customer relations * Use customer feedback more effectively (EDCSMs)- find out what customers want/expect then exceed this * Give staff more responsibility and authority to deal with complaints. Allow then to be flexible when it comes to procedural rules. Stop quoting BT policy. * Allow a measure of redress such as goodwill payments and compensation payments In implementing the above and re-training staff, BT will retain greater numbers of customers. Existing customers (especially those we have information about) are an ideal group to market new products to as well gain information from about how to improve on the products and services BT has.

munipulation in the media Essay -- essays research papers

Manipulation in the media   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are numerous ways people are manipulated by the media, but the concern of outward appearances has always been one of the main portals the media uses when advertising. Everyday, people come across some type of advertisement, wither it be watching television, seeing billboards, reading magazines, or listening to the radio. These advertisements all instill into people’s heads, what they are is not good enough. Most advertisements show photos of women and men with no wrinkles and flawless skin, no fat and built bodies, or stylish clothes and trendy accessories. These types of advertisements give men and women an unrealistic perspective of what they â€Å"could† look like, not suggesting the people being shown are naturally beautiful to begin with, but implying the allusion; one could look like this if this product is used. These types of strategies are used by companies continuously, manipulating the world into believing they can change themselves just by buying their product. Advertisements with reference to outward appearances commonly focus on three different aspects of societies concerns; stopping signs of aging or reversing it, losing weight or getting into shape, and wearing certain clothes, in turn, allowing a person to fit into societies superficial view of how one should appear on the surface.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most women’s worst fears involve growing old and part of that process is inevitably gaining ...

Case Study on Customer Quality Feedback at Apple Computer

In the fast- paced personal computer industry, it would be very tempting for a computer company to rush ha new product to market without taking the time to solicit customer input and feedback during the customer input and feedback during the product development cycle. To avoid this temptation and to highlight its commitment to customer satisfaction, Apple computer has developed a program called Customer Quality Feedback (CQF). CQF is a hands-on program providing Apple engineers with the ability to communicate with potential end users during the entire development cycle of an Apple product. The program integrates many of the features of a focus group but is sustained on an ongoing basis. It is also a very substantive and useful tool for Apple because it keeps the company attuned to the needs, preferences, and desires of its end users. For people interested in participating in the program, Apple has posted an application form on its website. The application form is fairly comprehensive and outlines the terms and conditions of participation. Although the program is open to anyone, it is clear that Apple wants well-informed participants who will stick with the program. Participants are selected based on their interest, ability to provide timely information, commitment to working with Apple personnel, and the suitability of their computing environment as it relates to Apple’s current needs. Once selected, the participants become an integral part of the development process for the products they are evaluating. They are provided early prototypes of Apple products and are asked to provide feedback pertaining to the product’s features, interaction with employees, ease of use, performance, compatibility with third party software, and other topics. The participants are also asked to provide suggestions as the product development cycle matures. The information provided by participants is fed directly to the apple engineers who are developing and testing the products. The overriding objective of the program is to incorporate customer input into the development of Apple products before they are shipped, rather than waiting for customers to react to the company’s products after they are made available for sale. Prior to a product launch, the CQF participants involved with the product are asked to write testimonials about their input into the product’s final design. These testimonials are used by Apple to demonstrate to other potential end users how Apple incorporates user feedback into the design and development of it products. Apple’s CQF program is a good, example of a proactive approach to satisfying customer needs. It is also evidence of the company’s willingness to â€Å"listen to the voice of the customer† in its product development and design. These are important steps in the development of a customer-driven approach to quality.

Deception in the Twelfth Night: William Shakespeare Essay

Deception is seen widely throughout the play Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare. Many characters are very clear about who they are and what their motives are, while some are more manipulative. Deception is shown through the clearness of Orsino’s character and the way Viola (Cesario) deceives people to play a man. Orsino is a character in the Twelfth Night that is considered much understood. He is very upfront about his actions and motives. This is portrayed in the way that Orsino loves Olivia and the way he will do anything it takes to get her to be with him. He makes it very clear that there is only one thing that he wants: to be with Olivia. As Orsino states his love in the play, â€Å"Oh, when mine eyes did see Olivia first, methought she purged the air of pestilence. That instant was I turned into a hart, and my desires, like fell and cruel hounds, e’er since pursue me† (1.1.20-24). He is very upfront about who he is; as the count, he is better than the people around him and gets what he wants. The way that Olivia thinks so highly of him as a Duke, demonstrates how he is better than the people around him: â€Å"Yet I suppose him virtuous, know him noble, of great estate, of fresh and stainless youth. In voices well divulged, free, learned, and valiant; and in dimension and the shape of nature, a gracious person† (1.5.260-64). Orsino is a noteable character who is straightforward and determined to get what he wants. Viola (Cesario), on the other hand, is completely deceptive of who she is. Although she deceptively dresses as a man, Viola does it so that she can stay alive in Illyria. The Captain is the only one who really knows what Viola is doing. As the Captain says, â€Å"Be you his eununch, and mute I’ll be. When my tongue blabs, then let mine eyes not see,† (1.3.65-66) which he also knows the reasons of doing. Throughout the entire play, Viola has to lie about who she is, but hints about her secret occasionally, like when she speaks with Orsino: â€Å"I am all the daughters of my father’s house, and all the brothers, too—and yet I know not† (2.4.132-33). Viola is a main example of a character that is deceptive by their appearance in the Twelfth Night. Deception is being deceived or mislead by false appearances or statements. There are different kinds of deception in the Twelfth Night, by appearance or by Shakespeare’s word choice. Deception by appearance is an easily seen trait throughout different characters in the play. Orsino is a great example of someone who  is the opposite of deceptive, whereas Viola is one of the most deceptive by her appearance and can be seen throughout the play the Twelfth Night.

The big Question essays

The big Question essays Its the question, Neo. Its the question that drives us. Its the question that brought you here. You know the question, just as I did. What is reality? How do we know that what we are experiencing really is real, rather than an artificial construct? And in fact everything we experience ultimately is a construct, it is a construct of our brains, a way the brain makes and interprets electrochemical neural signals from the senses, and the mind interprets the brains interpretation. One would be hard pressed to find a philosopher nowadays who accepted the naive realism model of reality; that the reality in our heads really is an accurate image or reflection of the Reality out there? This is a question pondered by the philosopher and dualist Descartes, who asked how do we know there is not an evil deceiver fooling us into believing what we experience is real. Descartes true answer, is that one has to doubt everything but ones own existence, and ones own ability to think; cogito ergo sum (I think therefore I am.). Opposing Descartes is a man by the name of David Hume who declares, that as humans we can only make inferences based on our experiences of the past. We should doubt whatever it is we know and that reason and rational judgments are merely habitual associations of distinct impressions or The two viewpoints brought to the table, it makes the movie, The Matrix, more that just flashy eye candy, but a pathway on how to live life. The Matrix shows us a different outlook on life and what it possibly could be. Neo (a character in the movie) receives a dose of the unbelievable and is given the choice to explore what reality really is. He of course has to adapt to this state of mind and decide what he believes. He is constantly asked if the things he used to love really are what he...

How Does ACT Superscoring Affect Your Test Strategy

How Does ACT Superscoring Affect Your Test Strategy SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Many colleges now use Superscoring for ACT scores as well as SAT scores. It’s important to know whether the schools where you’re planning to apply use Superscoring and how you can take advantage of this policy to demonstrate your best performance on the ACT. In this article I’ll give a brief overview of Superscoring and tell you what it means for you in terms of your testing plan. What is ACT Superscoring? ACT Superscoring is when colleges calculate your highest possible composite ACT score based on subscores from several different tests.They will take your highest ever score from each section and then average those scores together to arrive at a new composite score that represents your best performance. This chart shows how it might work across three test dates: English Math Reading Science Composite Test 1 30 28 31 20 27 Test 2 32 25 30 28 29 Test 3 29 23 35 25 28 Superscore 32 28 35 28 31 As you can see, this student’s composite Superscore was higher than any of the composite ACT scores for individual test dates because Superscoring combined all of the highest subscores. Superscoring benefits colleges because it puts them higher up in the rankings in terms of average scores of their admitted students.It also benefits you! If you do poorly on a section on one test date, it won’t affect you with colleges who use Superscoring, as long as you get a higher score for that section on another test date. Check the websites for the colleges where you plan on applying to see if they use Superscoring for the ACT, or take a look at this list that we’ve compiled of Superscoring schools. There are now nearly 100 schools that superscore the ACT! What Does This Mean for You? Superscoring should affect your studying strategy and registration timing for the ACT. Here are a couple of pieces of advice that you should follow if the colleges where you're planning on applying use Superscoring. Start Testing Early Superscoring means that you should definitely plan to take the ACT for the first time early in your junior year so that you can have enough time to improve your scores.If you don’t do as well on the first test, it will give you the opportunity to learn from your mistakes, and those lower scores won’t count in the long run after you take the test again. If you score very well on one section but don’t do well on one or two other sections, that means that you can focus your studying for future tests on your weak sections and not worry too much about the section you aced.Colleges will still incorporate the first score into your Superscore if it’s the best one you ever end up getting for the section. Take a look at these ACT test dates for the upcoming fall if you’re heading into your junior year so you can plan ahead. Take the ACT More than Once As a follow-up to the previous point, Superscoring definitely means you should plan on taking the ACT more than once (unless you reach your target score on the first try!). Taking the test two or three times means that you are likely to improve at least some of your subscores from test to test, especially if you put significant time into studying between test dates.Even if you manage to improve just one of your scores, that higher number is the one that will count for your Superscore. Practice Focused Studying This is probably the most essential takeaway from Superscoring.If you take the ACT and are unsatisfied with one or two of your section scores, you can direct all of your energy towards studying for those subject areas on future tests.Once you get a section score that you are happy with, you won’t have to worry about that part of the test in the future because that score (or potentially an even higher one) will become a part of your Superscore no matter what happens on the next test. The really great thing about Superscoring is that it means you can focus completely on improving weaker section scores and not worry about preventing already great section scores from decreasing. This book smells amazing. And I'm learning so much. Don’t Get Stressed! You should always take each test date seriously (you paid to register, after all), but Superscoring can take away a lot of unnecessary anxiety.Doing poorly on one test doesn’t mean you won't get into your top choice school. If you completely screw up a section of the test on one date but do well on another section, that’s also ok. With Superscoring, that one high subsection score means the time you spent taking the test was still worthwhile, and you can work on doing better on the section you bombed next time! Overview Superscoring for the ACT means that schools will calculate your best composite score by averaging all of your highest subscores across the tests you send them.Superscoring is great for you and for colleges because it reduces stress, lets you show your best possible scores, and allows schools to rise in the rankings in terms of average test scores. If you’re applying to schools that Superscore the ACT, you should: Start testing early Take the test more than once Practice focused studying Not freak out! Follow all of this advice, and you’ll be on your way to a SUPER Superscore! What's Next? Want more details about how exactly the ACT is scored? Read this articlefor an in-depth description. If you're not sure whether you should take the ACT again, take a look at this guide to help you decide. If you're trying to figure out when to take the ACT, read our guide to figure out the best test date for your circumstances.

Does Canada's Official Policy of Multiculturalism Strengthen or Weaken Research Paper

Does Canada's Official Policy of Multiculturalism Strengthen or Weaken the Country's National Identity - Research Paper Example This application is usually done at the organizational level, for example, nations, states, cities, towns, neighborhoods, businesses, schools, and hospitals among others. Another author, Bumsted (p 12), defines multiculturalism as a school of thought embodied in political philosophy that addresses the best way to respond to religious and cultural diversity. Examples of Multiculturalism Good examples of multicultural societies include Canada, Argentina, Australia, Netherlands, and Continental Europe among others (Garcea, p. 51). In these countries, multiculturalism is treated seriously, with policies being put in place to ensure that there is the development of lasting and useful relationships within cultural, religious and ethnic groups (Kelley and Trebilcock, p. 49). New comers and other groups that may be seen to be marginalized such as immigrants are treated with respect and reached out to so as to ensure that they feel part of these countries or regions (Jedwab, p 33). These coun tries recognize the existence of multiple cultures, ethnicities, and religious groups, which are all treated equally (Banting and Soroka, p 156). Definition of National Identity National identity is defined as the identity of a person that gives him/her a sense of belonging to a particular nation or state (Kelley and Trebilcock, p. 101). ... These common elements or common points include national consciousness, national language, national symbols, national colors, blood ties, and a nation’s history among others (Jedwab, p 40). Importance of National Identity National identity is important because it gives an individual a sense of belonging to a particular country or nation. National identity is known to strengthen the cohesion of citizens of a particular nation (Tierney, p 90). National identity brings about unity and cooperation among individuals of the same nation because they unite with fellow countrymen to achieve common national goals such as fighting common threats and protecting members of a nation (Smith, p 14). National identity is known to promote patriotism and a love for one’s nation (Day, p 12). Multiculturalism and National Identity of Canada a. Historical Perspective In Canada, multiculturalism exclusively refers to the concerns and attention given to cultural diversity. These concerns addres s issues related to linguistic diversity, religious diversity, racism, cultural identity, and immigrant integration (Day, p 48). The history of multiculturalism and national identity in Canada dates back to 1867 when Canada was officially recognized as a country. Since then, issues of cultural diversity have been part of policies in the country (Jedwab, p 23). The initial concerns that brought about the need for multiculturalism and national identity in Canada were inspired by the need to foster good relationship between the original people of that country and the state, assimilate immigrants, and bring together the ‘two founding nations’ of Canada, namely, the French and British

History of The NFL Dallas Cowboys Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History of The NFL Dallas Cowboys - Essay Example H.R â€Å"Bum† Bright bought the team in 1984 from Murchison. The team produced bad results, and during the savings and loan crisis the team was taken over by FSLIC. Mr. Bright had little options to save the team hence Jerry Jones bought the Cowboys in 1989. The team has three stadiums since its formation as argued by Sullivan & Jeff (89). Cotton Bowl (originally know as Fair Park Bowl) was their first stadium, and they used it during their first 11 years in the NFL. The stadium got its name from the annual Cotton Bowl Classic college football bowl game (The event moved to the Cowboys Stadium since 2010). The stadium is their only stadium within Dallas city limits. In October 24, 1971, the team moved to Texas stadium where majority of the Cowboys history was made. Dallas Cowboys played in the stadium for 37 years. The team lost their final game in Texas Stadium on December, 20, 2008 to Baltimore Ravens before moving to their current stadium. Cowboys Stadium is the team’s current home stadium. The Stadium is also the first to be located outside Dallas County and is the largest domed stadium in the world. In their analysis Sullivan & Jeff say that Dallas Cowboys have won many championships during the 52 years since they began playing in the NFL (34). The team won their first championship (NFL Eastern Conference Championship) in 1966. They have won the Conference Championship (NFL Eastern and NFC) 10 times. In Division Championship, the Cowboys have performed well by clinching 21 titles. However, the team made their greatest achievement in 1971, when they won the Super Bowl for the first time with Tom Landry as the coach. They won the title again in 1977. When Jerry took over, he fired him and replaced him with Jimmy Johnson who also won the title twice (1992 and 1993). Jimmy was replaced by Barry Switzer who won their last Super Bowl in 1995. Since their formation, the team’s uniform has changed a lot but the blue color

Contract law problem scenario Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Contract law problem scenario - Case Study Example Equity has always sought to protect the weaker of two parties from oppression and from exploitation. In the context of a mortgage, equity will seek to intervene where the mortgage terms are oppressive. In order to answer this question it needs to consider presumed undue influence, which was defined in Bank of Credit and Commerce International SA v Aboody1. In this case the Court held that there was a relationship of trust and confidence between the parties of such a nature that it is fair to presume that the trust and confidence of the claimant were abused. Ginger is mother of Seamus, so the case falls in Class 2A types presumed undue influence for specific relationship. In Royal Bank of Scotland v Etridge (No. 2)2, the principle judgement was given by Lord Nicholls. In this case Ginger is especially proud of Seamus, who is a real success in her eyes. Lord Nicholls considered that a bank or any financial institution lending money should take steps to ensure that the claimant receives legal advice by asking for the name of the claimant's legal adviser. Here Northern Bank sends Miss Bindie with all the necessary paperwork but she did not provide adequate information. On the other hand Miss Bindie advised for solicitor or accountant to explain details of legal responsibilities and risks involved before sign papers. In order to answer this question it is also necessary to argue whether the contract was unconscionable or not. Here the contract was unconscionable for Ginger. Ginger is a pensioner, and has no other income. In Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd v Amadio3, in the High Court, it was held that the transaction should be set as side on the grounds that the bank's behaviour was unconscionable. An English court might well have reached the same conclusion on these facts by the application of the rules of undue influence. In Portman Building Society v Dusangh4, a father borrowed money on mortgage from the claimants so as to fund a loan to his son who was planning to buy a supermarket. The father was 72, retired, illiterate in English and spoke it poorly. No fraud or undue influence on the part of the son was alleged and the son was not in financial difficulties at the time of the loan. The father, the son and the building society sought to enforce the mortgage and the father argued that the tr ansaction as unconscionable was not excluded but on the facts the transaction was held not to be unconscionable. In Barclays Bank plc v O'Brien5, Mrs O'Brien sought to set aside the mortgage transaction on the ground that she signed the documents under undue influence and misrepresentation. It was held that the mortgage had been obtained either by her husband's misrepresentation or because of undue influence over her and the court ordered it to be set aside. Ginger can apply to the under s.14 of Trusts of Land and Appointment of Trustees Act 1996 (TOLATA), whereby the court may make any order, including one not to sell (unlike the old s.30 of the Law of Property Act 1925, where sale was often the required way to resolve any dispute unless the purposes for which the property was

Politician qualities Essay Example for Free

Politician qualities Essay A Politician qualities are his characters that is natural, while some of the qualities are as a result of external influences. Promising politicians qualities are often backed by skills, experiences, intelligence, integrity, with instincts -all combined together to achieve their goals. First and foremost, the best quality of a politician is honesty, God fearing and loving. A faithful and effective politician is trustworthy and reliable. He must capture the essence of truth, display sincerity, candor and practices what he preaches. He makes decisions and accepts responsibility for his actions and his words. The same is true in his dealing with his people. He makes promises and keeps those promises. Somebody that people may be relied upon. Loving people with all his heart, might, mind, soul and striving to help them as a true mark of responsible politician. Moreover, a fake politician, will after taken the oath office with the Holy book and lousy thanksgiving services, use their power as an end in itself, rather than for public good, making them indifferent to the progress of their citizens. A good politician becomes the image of his creator. A good and responsible politician will give high regard for morality, law abiding with no tendencies to corrupt even a single cent or kobo. The greatest strength of good politicians is deriving joy in serving people and not to steal tax payer’s money. They know that a fulfilling and meaningful life is created through service to others. To be an effective politician, your followers must have trust in you. And the very best way for a politician to build trust is to display good sense of characters and qualities composed of values, beliefs, traits and skills. Another important quality of a good politician is integrity and technical skills to handle those challenging assignments, fiscal matters, policies, plans, projects, ideas and initiative solutions to problems. Integrity is consistency of actions, methods, measures, values, principles, expectations and outcomes. It is doing what is right, both legally and morally at all-time even when no one is looking. Since politicians play very significant roles in the administrative processes, especially having hands in thousands of important laws and policies to their communities and country, thereby they should be well-educated, modest, with experience in social welfare, volunteering or should have done some good work for the society. A politician should have a  thorough knowledge and up-to-date information about the constituency where he is going to contest an election. A good politician should be of a well discipline personality with selfless service to make live better for his people. This should be reflected in the community where he lives in all ramifications. Discipline is necessary for an orderly society and political life, without it, the social life would become miserable. A selfless service is putting the welfare of the people representing before your own. Winston Churchill described it as â€Å"the first of all human qualities because it is the quality which guarantees all others†. A good politician firmly believes in taking care and maintaining the community of his people. He believes that community service is about giving back. According to Theodore Roosevelt, â€Å"the most successful politician is he who says what the people are thinking most often in the loudest voice†. A person or politician who is with criminal background, or any links with criminals or whose allegation on corruption has not been cleared by the law court should be disqualified to participate in elections. Responsibility and party loyalty is another quality of responsible politician in a democratic state. A transparent politician is nearer to his people and meeting them to understand their problems. Only fake politicians are seen by voters when an election is near or change parties as footballers change clubs. As every parent has its responsibility to teach their children the principles of moral, culture, truth, sincerity to be self- responsible, so politicians need to integrate its citizens with importance of political responsibility and democratic values. A politician leads by example and knows his minimum responsibilities as an elected representative. A politician comes to politics to work for his constituents and not to work against them. He is the beck and call of the people and ready to listen to everybody. All these build a strong foundation for a dynamic society which will create solutions for any challenges, and finally develop strategies and political systems that will help implement those solutions automatically. He is quick to give hand to his fellow man. A reliable politician should be very loyal and committed to his party which shares his vision and goals. The value of loyalty simply depends on trust. A citizen should belong to a party with most brilliant, skillful, patriotic and dynamic people with common goals and aspirations. Team work best when they have common goals, mutual respect and understanding of each party  member’s strength. Politics is to unite and reach consensus and not to divide or create enimity among people. Power is only a product of collective action. Finally, to become a great politician or statesman, you have to use your talents, skills, experiences, honesty, integrity, challenges and constraints with the positive effect that we can have in touching other human lives. Politician must leave his constituency better than before elected. Greatness is within reach of a politician who consistently do things they out to be doing. He learns from mistakes and criticisms. It is a bad politician that will see that all the good is in his side and that all the bad lies with his opponent or just because someone does not agree with him, does not mean that all their ideas and solutions are bad. Good politicians show respect to the views and experience of others. Nobody has a monopoly of wisdom. He/she who aspires to be a great politician should have the ability to find and analyses problems in their constituency and find the best solutions for all these problems. There is no problem in this world without solutions. A good politician knows that simply giving consistent effort in the little task of services, social reforms, kindness or sacrifice in day-to-day life leads to true greatness of a nation. If all politicians make it a point of responsibility to develop and make life better for people in their units, wards, constituencies, states and regions-we will definitely have a great country.

William Shakespeares Hamlet and Sophocles Oedipus the King Essay

William Shakespeare's Hamlet and Sophocles' Oedipus the King   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though Shakespeares’ Hamlet and Sophocles’ Oedipus the King were written in two different eras, echoes of the latter can be found in the former. The common theme of Hamlet and Oedipus the King is regicide. Also, like in Oedipus the King, there is a direct relationship between the state of the state and the state of their kings. Furthermore, there is also a relationship between Oedipus’ armed entrance into the bedroom in which Jocasta hanged herself, and Hamlet’s confrontation of Gertrude in her bedroom. Both plays share the emphasis on a tragic irony in the chain of events that lead up to ritual of catharsis, but the plot of Hamlet makes a much more complicated character than that of the classic Greek tragedy of Oedipus the King.  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sophocles’ Oedipus King and Shakespeare's Hamlet both contain the basic elements of tragedy, although the Shakespearean tragedy expanded its setting far beyond that of the ancient Greek tragedy. The tragic hero of Hamlet finds himself burdened with the task of avenging his father's death from the start of the play, and is not himself the source of the pollution of regicide, while Oedipus is of course the unwitting fashioner of his own doom, which is unveiled to him through recognition and repentance. Sophocles has Oedipus foretelling his own tragedy when speaking to the people of Thebes. The city suffers as a result of Oedipus’pride, and irony is shown when Oedipus suggest that by avenging Laius he will protect himself, or that by getting children upon Jocasta, the dead king's wife, he will be taking the place of the son of Laius, which, unknowingly, is himself. â€Å"I will bring it all to light... I shall rid us of this pollution, not for the sake of a distant relative, but for my own sake (Knox, 10).† The irony reaches its peak when Oedipus calls on the prophet Tiresias to help uncover the murder of Laius and seek an cure to the plague; the metaphor of vision is ironic in that the blind Tiresias can see what the seemingly brilliant Oedipus has overlooked, namely the king's crimes of incest and murder. â€Å"You are the murderer, you are the unholy defilement of this land(Knox, 23).† Tiresias goes on to say â€Å"I say that without knowing it you are living in shameful intimacy with your nearest and dearest. You do not see th e evil in which you live (K... ....† It was Gertrude’s subsequent reaction that led to the pivotal moment when Hamlet kills Polonius. The murder of Polonius was completely impetuous. Hamlet went from pondering murder to actually committing murder. When he does so it is not the actual act that is insane, but his lack of emotion which is. Scarcely acknowledging what he has just done, he continues preaching to Gertrude, and accuses her of plotting to murder his father. â€Å"With tristful visage, as against the doom, Is thought-sick at the act (Act 3, Scene 4).† After an elongated interrogation which sounded more like an S&M chat, we begin to realize Gertrude’s’s guilt for marrying Claudius, as well as her innocence in the actual plot to murder the King. It is only after the reappearance of the apparition that Hamlet begins to ease up on his mother.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hamlet and Oedipus the King though quite different, have a lot in common. They are the similar from an oedipal perspective, as well as having in common the element of madness. Though many would have a problem putting Shakespeare in the same category as Sophocles, it is not difficult to place their works, Hamlet Oedipus the King respectively, in the same category.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Cultural Self-Assessment Essay

I got 9 correct answers and 14 incorrect answers. This score is lower than I expected. I was anticipating to get more than half of the total questions right because I thought that the set of questions on cultural competency for health care providers is an easy subject to tackle. However, my assumptions have proven me wrong. I have realized that this topic required more knowledge about different cultures and its relation to providing high-quality and culturally competent medical services. Prior to taking these quiz, I thought that giving medical attention to people from different cultural backgrounds was an uncomplicated task. The reason behind this thinking is that culture is an issue that is familiar with every individual. More so, when dealing with a problem that involves the interaction of two or more dissimilar cultures, the natural instinct is to treat the difference with sensitivity and respect. It may seem that this is as simple as it sounds. But as I learned about the results of the quiz, there appears to be more than just being considerate and being polite. What we currently know does not necessarily mean that it is everything that we ought to know. People should go beyond their comfort zone and try to understand things that are foreign to us. In the field of medicine, it is very important to practice this so as to provide the best care to patients in aid of prolonging and improving their lives. 2. Which items did you answer correctly? Which items did you answer incorrectly? To what do you attribute your incorrect responses? Out if the 23 questions in the quiz, I got mostly correct answers on questions about communicating the similarities and differences of people from different backgrounds. However, there were some aspects of this subject matter that I did not do well such as asking about the patient’s personal background in a non-offensive way and soliciting g information in a non-verbal manner. Meanwhile, the 14 incorrect answers that I obtained were mostly about the beliefs and mannerisms of specific cultures. Also, I did poorly on handling language interpretation between a medical practitioner and the patient. Apparently, based on these results, I have a lot of learning to do to be able to be a competent medical practitioner in a culturally diverse environment. I think that one of the main reasons why I did so badly in this quiz is the assumption that handling cultural differences has a universal approach. More so, I thought that a certain method or attitude can be applicable to numerous race and ethnicity. But in reality, every culture demands to be treated distinctively because a Hispanic patient can have dissimilar needs with and Asian patient or a Western medical approach cannot be applied to a medical problem of a patient from an African descent. 3. How will you enhance your cultural competence in any areas in which you were deficient? How will you maintain your cultural competence in areas in which you were proficient? Since I was able to get more wrong answers than the right ones, I have realized that I have a lot of things to learn that will increase my knowledge about cultural competency and also I have to improve my skills in handling patients of diverse cultural backgrounds. One way of achieving this is by immersing myself to another cultural environment. Thought this, I can have a first-hand experience about the various traditions and beliefs that a certain culture practices. The knowledge that I will gain from this cultural encounter would aid me in becoming more sensitive and more informed on the different aspects of a specific culture which can guide me to become an efficient health care provider. On the other hand, with the culture competence areas that I am proficient, I plan to further my knowledge when it comes to communicating similarities and differences of people from different backgrounds. It is important to properly execute this in order to gain accurate information from the patient and also to provide effective measures as a medical practitioner.

F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay

On September 24, 1896, Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was born to Edward Fitzgerald and Mollie McQuillan Fitzgerald, the product of two vastly different Celtic strains. Edward, who came from tired, old Maryland stock and claimed distant kinship with the composer of â€Å"The Star Spangled Banner,† (Spencer, 367-81) instilled in his son the old-fashioned virtues of honor and courage and taught by example the beauty of genteel manners. Fitzgerald was smitten by the sophisticated sixteen-year-old at a St. Paul Christmas dance in 1914 during his sophomore year at Princeton. For the next two years, he conducted a one-sided romance both in person and through ardent correspondence with a girl who embodied his ideal of wealth and social position. Ginevra, however, was more interested in adding to her collection of suitors than in restricting herself to one. Legend has it, moreover, that Fitzgerald overheard someone, perhaps Ginevra’s father, remark that poor boys should never think of marrying rich girls. (Moreland, 25-38) By 1916, the romance had ended, but its effect lingered long in Fitzgerald’s psyche. Fitzgerald’s greatness lies as much in the conception as in the achievement. In this way Fitzgerald and his fiction capture some essential quality of the American myth and dream that were the focus his lifetime of personal and literary effort. Without doubt, Fitzgerald’s art was a response to his life. He immersed himself in his age and became its chief chronicler, bringing to his fiction a realism that gives it the quality of a photograph or, perhaps more appropriately, a documentary film. With the clothing, the music, the slang, the automobiles, the dances, the fads — in the specificity of its social milieu-Fitzgerald’s fiction documents a moment in time in all its historical reality. Yet Fitzgerald captures more than just the physical evidence of that time. He conveys with equal clarity the psychology (the dreams and hopes, the anxieties and fears) reflected in that world because he lived the life he recorded. Autobiography thus forms the basis of the social realism that is a hallmark of Fitzgerald’s fiction, but it is autobiography transmuted through the critical lens of both a personal and a cultural romantic sensibility, a second defining characteristic of his art. These two strands help to place Fitzgerald within American literary history. (Hindus, 45-50) Fitzgerald came to prominence as a writer in the 1920s, a period dominated by the postwar novel, and thus his fiction reflects all the contradictions of his age. World War I was a defining event for Fitzgerald and the writers of his generation whether or not they saw action in the field. Postwar developments on the home front contributed as well to the sense of purposelessness, decay, political failure, and cultural emptiness that pervades the literature of the 1920s. A new conservatism dominated America. Fitzgerald’s fiction of the 1920s reveals the tensions inherent in this mixture of anxious longing for the old certainties and heady excitement at the prospect of the new, just as his fiction of the 1930s captures the human cost — the wasted potential and psychic dislocation — of the gay, gaudy spree and its subsequent crash. His critics argue that he is no more than a stylish chronicler of his age, a mere recorder of the fashions and amusements, the manners and mores of his postwar generation, and he is certainly that. Yet verisimilitude, the truthful rendering of experience, is a distinguishing feature of realistic fiction, and particularly of the novel of manners, a literary form that examines a people and their culture in a specific time and place and a category into which much of Fitzgerald’s fiction fits. Thus, Fitzgerald’s ability to convey accurately his own generation is not necessarily a weakness. Fitzgerald’s lyricism and symbolist mode of writing reveal an essentially romantic sensibility that not only gives shape to his worldview, linking it to some traditional attitudes about the individual and human existence, but also supports his thematic preoccupations. Critics who complain of Fitzgerald’s inability to evaluate the world that he so brilliantly records (and the life that he so intensely lived) need look no further than his third novel, The Great Gatsby (1925), for proof of his double consciousness. Increasingly aware of the complex social, psychic, and economic forces that were driving his generation to excess and emptiness, Fitzgerald found the literary forms to give them expression in a novel that is now considered a modern masterpiece. Through his indirect, often ironic first-person narrative, Fitzgerald was able to give the story of Jay Gatsby, a man who reinvents himself to capture a dream, sad nobility, and the novel’s complex symbolic landscape reinforces this view. Gatsby may initially be just another corrupt product of his material world, but through the eyes of Nick Carraway, readers gradually come to see him as a romantic idealist who has somehow managed, despite his shadowy past and equally shady present, to remain uncorrupted. Fitzgerald’s complex symbolic landscape also elevates Gatsby’s quest to the realm of myth, the myth of the American Dream, and thus the novel offers a critical perspective on a nation and a people as well as on a generation. When E Scott Fitzgerald died in December 1940, his reputation was that of a failed writer who had squandered his talent in drink and excess. He may have written the novel that defined a decade, This Side of Paradise ( 1920), and another that exposed the dreams and illusions of a nation, The Great Gatsby ( 1925), but his achievement had been overshadowed and largely blighted by his life. (Frohock, 220-28) Works Cited Frohock W. M. â€Å"Morals, Manners, and Scott Fitzgerald†. Southwest Review 40( 1955): 220-228. Hindus Milton. F. Scott Fitzgerald: An Introduction and Interpretation. New York: Holt, 1968. 45-50 Moreland Kim. â€Å"The Education of F. Scott Fitzgerald: Lessons in the Theory of History†. Southern Humanities Review 19(1985): 25-38. Spencer Benjamin T. â€Å"Fitzgerald and the American Ambivalence†. South Atlantic Quarterly 66( 1967): 367-381. Appendix LITERARY WORKS BY F. SCOTT FITZGERALD This Side of Paradise. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1920; Scribner Paperback Fiction, 1995. Flappers and Philosophers. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1920. The Beautiful and Damned. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1922; Scribner Paperback Fiction, 1995. Tales of the Jazz Age. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1922. The Vegetable; Or, from President to Postman. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1923. The Great Gatsby. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1925; Scribner Paperback Fiction, 1995. All the Sad Young Men. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1926. Tender is the Night. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1934; Scribner Paperback Fiction, 1995. Taps at Reveille. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1935. POSTHUMOUS PUBLICATIONS The Last Tycoon. Ed. Edmund Wilson. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1941; The Love of the Last Tycoon. Ed. Matthew J. Bruccoli. New York: Scribner Paperback Fiction, 1994. The Stories of F. Scott Fitzgerald. Ed. Malcolm Cowley. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1951. Afternoon of an Author. Ed. Arthur Mizener. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1957. Babylon Revisited and Other Stories. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1960. Six Tales of the Jazz Age and Other Stories. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1960. Pat Hobby Stories. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1962. The Apprentice Fiction of F. Scott Fitzgerald, 1909-1917. Ed. John Kuehl. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1965. The Basil and Josephine Stories. Ed. Jackson R. Bryer and John Kuehl. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1973. Bits of Paradise: 21 Uncollected Stories by F. Scott Fitzgerald. Ed. Matthew J. Bruccoli. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1973. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s St. Paul Plays, 1911-1914. Ed. Alan Margolies. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Library, 1978. The Price Was High: The Last Uncollected Stories of F. Scott Fitzgerald. Ed. Matthew J. Bruccoli . New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1979. The Short Stories of F. Scott Fitzgerald. A New Collection. Ed. Matthew J. Bruccoli. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1989.